Frozen Shoulder Explained: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

Do these symptoms sound familiar?

Does your shoulder feel unusually stiff? Do you find it difficult to wear clothes, reach behind your back, or lift your arm comfortably? Does shoulder pain become worse at night and disturb your sleep?

These symptoms may be due to frozen shoulder, a condition in which the shoulder becomes painful, stiff, and difficult to move.

What happens in frozen shoulder?

The shoulder joint is surrounded by a capsule, which normally remains loose and contains lubricating fluid to allow smooth movement. In frozen shoulder, this capsule becomes inflamed and may later develop fibrosis, causing it to tighten and shrink. As lubrication decreases and the capsule becomes less flexible, shoulder movement becomes painful and restricted.

Why does frozen shoulder occur?

In many cases, the exact cause is not known. Frozen shoulder is more common in people with diabetes or thyroid disorders. It may also develop after the arm has been kept immobile for a prolonged period, such as following a fracture or injury.

Treatment Options

Frozen shoulder can often be managed with non-surgical treatment. Depending on the severity of symptoms and clinical assessment, treatment may include hydrodilatation of the shoulder capsule, shoulder nerve blocks, and guided rehabilitation.

Hydrodilatation of the shoulder

Hydrodilatation is a minimally invasive procedure in which sterile fluid is injected into the shoulder capsule to gently stretch and expand it. This may help reduce stiffness, improve movement, and relieve pain.

How is the procedure done?

Hydrodilatation is usually performed as a day-care procedure in a well-equipped operation theatre under local anaesthesia. For accuracy and safety, the procedure is guided by sonography. A fine needle is carefully placed into the shoulder capsule, and the medication is injected under guidance. Patient comfort and safety are monitored throughout the procedure.

When should you seek medical advice?

If shoulder pain, stiffness, or restricted movement is affecting your daily activities or sleep, consult Precision Pain Clinic for an accurate diagnosis and a personalised treatment plan.